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Abstract Details
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus: What an Internist Needs to Know: Serologic Diagnosis, Treatment Options, and Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation
Med Clin North Am. 2023 May;107(3):435-447. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2022.12.002.Epub 2023 Feb 20.
1Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
2Section of Digestive Diseases and Yale Liver Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, LMP 1080, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Electronic address: joseph.lim@yale.edu.
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a bloodborne infection which affects approximately 1.6 million persons in the U.S. and 292 million persons worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV disproportionately affects foreign-persons from endemic regions such as sub-Saharan Africa and the Asian-Pacific region. Chronic HBV is diagnosed with positive HBsAg and detectable HBV DNA. Patients with immunoactive disease (elevated HBV DNA and serum ALT) may require antiviral therapy with peg-interferon or oral nucleos(t)ide analogues which suppress viral replication, and are associated with a decreased risk for liver events.
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