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Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE)

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Liver News Library
 
 
 
         
  Hepatic Encephalopathy Update: Reports From the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
Annual Meeting, 2011
 
  Target Audience  
  This activity has been designed to meet the educational needs of hepatologists, gastroenterologists, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners involved in the care of patients with chronic liver disease.  
  Goal Statement  
  To provide important clinical data on issues related to the management of hepatic encephalopathy.  
  Educational Objectives  
  Upon completion of this activity, participants should be better able to:  
  Credit Designation To describe the spectrum of neuropsychiatric manifestations seen in cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy  
  1.0 AMA PRA
Category 1 Credit(s)
Identify predictors of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in patients with cirrhosis and determine appropriate prophylactic regimens for such patients  
  Evaluate the use of breath sample analysis to diagnose HE  
  Describe specific bacteria that are related to cognition and inflammation in HE  
  Determine additional problems that may be associated with neuropsychiatric impairment in HE and assess appropriate screening tools to diagnose these conditions  
  Analyze the development of and treatment with portosystemic shunts in HE  
 

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Accreditation Statement  
  Please see page 1 of the newsletter for full accreditation statement.  
Jointly sponsored by Purdue University School of Pharmacy and the Chronic Liver Disease Foundation.
This educational material was supported by a grant from Salix Pharmaceuticals.
 
 
 
 
 
CME accreditation on key HE topics presented by the thought leaders in HE
 
Webcasts/Podcasts/Audiocasts
Teleconferences & Recorded Library
Slide & Print Library
 
 
Jointly sponsored by Purdue University School of Pharmacy and the Chronic Liver Disease Foundation
This activity supported by: Salix Pharmaceuticals
 
 
  HE 2011 Slides
  Clinical Advances in the Management of Cirrhotics  
       
 

HE Slide Archive

 
     
  HE 2010 Slides
  The Clinical Implications of Managing Cirrhotics  
  Hepatology 2010 Slides
  Current Perspectives on Chronic Liver Disease  
     
  HE 2009 Slides
  Hepatology 2009 - The Clinical Implications of Managing Cirrhotics
  Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of HE  
 
  HE 2008 Slides
  Hepatic Encephalopathy  
 
 
 
  1. A capillary blood ammonia bedside test following glutamine load to improve the diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis
    Ditisheim S, Giostra E, Burkhard PR, Goossens N, Mentha G, Hadengue A, Spahr L. BMC Gastroenterol. 2011 Dec 8;11(1):134. [Epub ahead of print]

  2. Changes in the regional homogeneity of resting-state brain activity in minimal hepatic encephalopathy
    Chen HJ, Zhu XQ, Yang M, Liu B, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Teng GJ. Neurosci Lett. 2011 Dec 8. [Epub ahead of print]

  3. Neuropathology of acute liver failure
    Thumburu KK, Taneja S, Vasishta RK, Dhiman RK. Neurochem Int. 2011 Dec 16. [Epub ahead of print]

  4. Diagnosis and treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy to prevent motor vehicle accidents: A cost-effectiveness analysis
    Bajaj JS, Pinkerton SD, Sanyal AJ, Heuman DM. Hepatology. 2011 Dec 2. doi: 10.1002/hep.25507. [Epub ahead of print]

  5. Pretransplant severe hepatic encephalopathy, peritransplant sodium and post-liver transplantation morbidity and mortality
    Brandman D, Biggins SW, Hameed B, Roberts JP, Terrault NA. Liver Int. 2011 Sep 6. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02618.x. [Epub ahead of print]

  6. Neurological complications of acute liver failure: Pathophysiological basis of current management and emerging therapies
    Mpabanzi L, Jalan R. Neurochem Int. 2011 Nov 13. [Epub ahead of print]

  7. Fecal calprotectin is a useful screening parameter for hepatic encephalopathy and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis
    Gundling F, Schmidtler F, Hapfelmeier A, Schulte B, Schmidt T, Pehl C, Schepp W, Seidl H. Liver Int. 2011 Oct;31(9):1406-1415. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02577.x.

  8. Previous overt hepatic encephalopathy rather than minimal hepatic encephalopathy impairs health-related quality of life in cirrhotic patients
    Moscucci F, Nardelli S, Pentassuglio I, Pasquale C, Ridola L, Merli M, Riggio O. Liver Int. 2011 Nov;31(10):1505-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02598.x. Epub 2011 Aug 15.

  9. Linkage of Gut Microbiome with Cognition in Hepatic Encephalopathy
    Bajaj JS, Ridlon JM, Hylemon PB, Thacker LR, Heuman DM, Smith S, Sikaroodi M, Gillevet PM. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Sep 22. [Epub ahead of print]

  10. Dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced first-pass perfusion MR imaging in patients with subclinical hepatic encephalopathy
    Li T, Li X, Zhou W, Cui X, Ma L. J Neuroradiol. 2011 Oct 31. [Epub ahead of print]

  11. Contribution of hyperammonemia and inflammatory factors to cognitive impairment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy
    Felipo V, Urios A, Montesinos E, Molina I, Garcia-Torres ML, Civera M, Del Olmo JA, Ortega J, Martinez-Valls J, Serra MA, Cassinello N, Wassel A, Jordá E, Montoliu C. Metab Brain Dis. 2011 Nov 10. [Epub ahead of print]

  12. Structural and functional cerebral impairments in cirrhotic patients with a history of overt hepatic encephalopathy
    Chen HJ, Zhu XQ, Shu H, Yang M, Zhang Y, Ding J, Wang Y, Teng GJ. Eur J Radiol. 2011 Nov 4. [Epub ahead of print]

  13. Probiotics for patients with hepatic encephalopathy
    McGee RG, Bakens A, Wiley K, Riordan SM, Webster AC. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Nov 9;11:CD008716.

  14. Rifaximin therapy in minimal hepatic encephalopathy cirrhotics
    Zullo A, Hassan C, Lorenzetti R. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Nov;106(11):2041. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2011.216.

  15. Unilateral basal-ganglia involvement likely due to valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy
    Joardar S, Das S, Chatterjee R, Guha G, Hasmi MA. Neurol Sci. 2011 Nov 16. [Epub ahead of print]

  16. The neurological manifestations of acute liver failure
    Shawcross DL, Wendon JA. Neurochem Int. 2011 Nov 2. [Epub ahead of print]

  17. Efficacy of L-ornithine-L-aspartate as an Adjuvant Therapy in Cirrhotic Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy
    Abid S, Jafri W, Mumtaz K, Islam M, Abbas Z, Shah HA, Hamid S. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2011 Nov;21(11):666-71.

  18. A Case Control Study of IMPACT: A Brief and Effective Web-Based Neuropsychological Assessment Battery to Diagnose Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy (MHE)
    M Tsushima, W Tsushima, V Tsushima, N Lim, E Madrigal, C Jackson, and M Mendler. AASLD 2011, abstract 202.

  19. Diagnosis and treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy to prevent motor vehicle accidents: A cost-effectiveness analysis
    Bajaj JS, Pinkerton SD, Sanyal AJ, Heuman DM. Hepatology. 2011 Dec 2. doi: 10.1002/hep.25507. [Epub ahead of print]

  20. Prognostic assessment in patients with hepatic encephalopathy
    García-Martínez R, Simón-Talero M, Córdoba J. Dis Markers. 2011 Jan 1;31(3):171-9.

  21. Clinical efficacy and safety of lactulose for minimal hepatic encephalopathy: a meta-analysis
    Luo M, Li L, Lu CZ, Cao WK. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print]

  22. Brain energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in acute and chronic hepatic encephalopathy
    Rama Rao KV, Norenberg MD. Neurochem Int. 2011 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print]

  23. Blood manganese levels in patients with hepatic encephalopathy
    Mendieta Zerón H, Rodríguez MR, Montes S, Castañeda CR. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2011 Oct 3. [Epub ahead of print]

  24. Durability of Rifaximin Response in Hepatic Encephalopathy
    Neff GW, Jones M, Broda T, Jonas M, Ravi R, Novick D, Kaiser TE, Kemmer N. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2011 Oct 18. [Epub ahead of print]

  25. Management of hepatic encephalopathy
    Wright G, Chattree A, Jalan R. Int J Hepatol. 2011;2011:841407. Epub 2011 Sep 21.

  26. Randomised clinical trial: rifaximin improves health-related quality of life in cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy - a double-blind placebo-controlled study
    Sanyal A, Younossi ZM, Bass NM, Mullen KD, Poordad F, Brown RS, Vemuru RP, Mazen Jamal M, Huang S, Merchant K, Bortey E, Forbes WP. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Oct;34(8):853-861. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04808.x. Epub 2011 Aug 17.

  27. Patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy show impaired mismatch negativity correlating with reduced performance in attention tests
    Felipo V, Ordoño JF, Urios A, Mlili NE, Giménez-Garzó C, Aguado C, González-Lopez O, Giner-Duran R, Serra MA, Wassel A, Rodrigo JM, Salazar J, Montoliu C. Hepatology. 2011 Sep 27. doi: 10.1002/hep.24704. [Epub ahead of print]

  28. Linkage of Gut Microbiome with Cognition in Hepatic Encephalopathy
    Bajaj JS, Ridlon JM, Hylemon PB, Thacker LR, Heuman DM, Smith S, Sikaroodi M, Gillevet PM. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Sep 22. [Epub ahead of print]

  29. Pharmacoeconomics of hepatic encephalopathy
    Neff G. Pharmacotherapy. 2010 May;30(5 Pt 2):28S-32S.

  30. Clinical management of hepatic encephalopathy
    Schiano TD. Pharmacotherapy. 2010 May;30(5 Pt 2):10S-5S.

  31. Hepatic encephalopathy: Suspect it early in patients with cirrhosis
    Wakim-Fleming J. Cleve Clin J Med. 2011 Sep;78(9):597-605.

  32. Driving Simulation Can Improve Insight into Impaired Driving Skills in Cirrhosis
    Bajaj JS, Thacker LR, Heuman DM, Gibson DP, Sterling RK, Todd Stravitz R, Fuchs M, Sanyal AJ, Wade JB. Dig Dis Sci. 2011 Sep 8. [Epub ahead of print]

  33. Factors affecting compliance and persistence with treatment for hepatic encephalopathy
    Neff G. Pharmacotherapy. 2010 May;30(5 Pt 2):22S-7S.

  34. Treatment guidelines for hepatic encephalopathy
    Thompson JR. Pharmacotherapy. 2010 May;30(5 Pt 2):4S-9S.

  35. Treatment options for hepatic encephalopathy
    Schiano TD. Pharmacotherapy. 2010 May;30(5 Pt 2):16S-21S.

  36. Current concepts in the pathophysiology and management of hepatic encephalopathy
    Frederick RT. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2011 Apr;7(4):222-33.

  37. Acetyl-L-carnitine improves cognitive functions in severe hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized and controlled clinical trial
    Malaguarnera M, Vacante M, Motta M, Giordano M, Malaguarnera G, Bella R, Nunnari G, Rampello L, Pennisi G. Metab Brain Dis. 2011 Aug 26. [Epub ahead of print]

  38. Hepatic encephalopathy: Suspect it early in patients with cirrhosis
    Wakim-Fleming J. Cleve Clin J Med. 2011 Sep;78(9):597-605.

  39. Lactulose: Production, purification and potential applications
    Panesar PS, Kumari S. Biotechnol Adv. 2011 Aug 12. [Epub ahead of print]

  40. Alterations of Blood Brain Barrier Function in Hyperammonemia: An Overview
    Skowro?ska M, Albrecht J. Neurotox Res. 2011 Aug 27. [Epub ahead of print]

  41. Validity of diagnostic codes and liver-related laboratory abnormalities to identify hepatic decompensation events in the Veterans Aging Cohort Study
    Lo Re V 3rd, Lim JK, Goetz MB, Tate J, Bathulapalli H, Klein MB, Rimland D, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Butt AA, Gibert CL, Brown ST, Kidwai F, Brandt C, Dorey-Stein Z, Reddy KR, Justice AC. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2011 Jul;20(7):689-99. doi: 10.1002/pds.2148. Epub 2011 May 27.

  42. Branched-chain amino acids increase arterial blood ammonia in spite of enhanced intrinsic muscle ammonia metabolism in patients with cirrhosis and healthy subjects
    Dam G, Keiding S, Munk OL, Ott P, Buhl M, Vilstrup H, Bak LK, Waagepetersen HS, Schousboe A, Møller N, Sørensen M. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Aug;301(2):G269-77. Epub 2011 Jun 2.

  43. A randomized controlled trial comparing lactulose, probiotics, and L-ornithine L-aspartate in treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy
    Mittal VV, Sharma BC, Sharma P, Sarin SK. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Aug;23(8):725-32.

  44. Liver transplantation rapidly stops cerebral ammonia uptake in fulminant hepatic failure
    Glassford NJ, Farley KJ, Warrillow S, Bellomo R. Crit Care Resusc. 2011 Jun;13(2):113-8.

  45. Hepatic encephalopathy and post-transplant hyponatremia predict early calcineurin inhibitor-induced neurotoxicity after liver transplantation
    Balderramo D, Prieto J, Cárdenas A, Navasa M. Transpl Int. 2011 Aug;24(8):812-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2011.01280.x. Epub 2011 Jun 7.

  46. Multi-dimensional MR spectroscopy: towards a better understanding of hepatic encephalopathy
    Sarma MK, Huda A, Nagarajan R, Hinkin CH, Wilson N, Gupta RK, Frias-Martinez E, Sayre J, Guze B, Han SH, Thomas MA. Metab Brain Dis. 2011 Sep;26(3):173-84. Epub 2011 Jun 23.

  47. A new use for Xifaxan
    Belavic JM. Nurse Pract. 2011 Jul;36(7):8-9.

  48. Spectral and dynamic electroencephalogram abnormalities are correlated to psychometric test performance in hepatic encephalopathy
    Olesen SS, Graversen C, Hansen TM, Blauenfeldt RA, Hansen JB, Steimle K, Drewes AM. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2011 Jul;46(7-8):988-96. Epub 2011 May 25.

  49. Randomised clinical trial: rifaximin improves health-related quality of life in cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy - a double-blind placebo-controlled study
    Sanyal A, Younossi ZM, Bass NM, Mullen KD, Poordad F, Brown RS, Vemuru RP, Mazen Jamal M, Huang S, Merchant K, Bortey E, Forbes WP. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Aug 17. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04808.x. [Epub ahead of print]

  50. Prospective Evaluation of the Prognostic Scores for Cirrhotic Patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit
    Levesque E, Hoti E, Azoulay D, Ichaï P, Habouchi H, Castaing D, Samuel D, Saliba F. J Hepatol. 2011 Aug 8. [Epub ahead of print]

  51. The relation between pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis, hepatic encephalopathy and serum cytokine levels: what is the role of tumor necrosis factor alpha?
    Goral V, Atayan Y, Kaplan A. Hepatogastroenterology. 2011 May-Jun;58(107-108):943-8.

  52. Minimal hepatic encephalopathy and driving: is the genie out of the bottle?
    Prakash RK, Brown TA, Mullen KD. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Aug;106(8):1415-6. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2011.154.

  53. Minimal hepatic encephalopathy does not impair health-related quality of life in patients with cirrhosis: a prospective study.
    Wunsch E, Szymanik B, Post M, Marlicz W, Myd?owska M, Milkiewicz P. Liver Int. 2011 Aug;31(7):980-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02465.x. Epub 2011 Feb 10.

  54. Rifaximin: New Therapeutic Indication and Future Directions
    Rivkin A, Gim S. Clin Ther. 2011 Jul 6. [Epub ahead of print]

  55. Interaction between cytokines and ammonia in the mitochondrial permeability transition in cultured astrocytes
    Alvarez VM, Rama Rao KV, Brahmbhatt M, Norenberg MD. J Neurosci Res. 2011 Jul 11. doi: 10.1002/jnr.22708. [Epub ahead of print]

  56. Absence of neuropsychological impairment in hyperammonaemia in healthy young adults; possible synergism in development of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) symptoms?
    Wilkinson DJ, Smeeton NJ, Castle PC, Watt PW. Metab Brain Dis. 2011 Jul 20. [Epub ahead of print]

  57. Pravastatin for thioacetamide-induced hepatic failure and encephalopathy
    Huang HC, Chang CC, Wang SS, Chan CY, Lee FY, Chuang CL, Hsin IF, Teng TH, Lin HC, Lee SD. Eur J Clin Invest. 2011 Jun 7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02566.x. [Epub ahead of print]

  58. Disruption of sleep architecture in minimal hepatic encephalopathy and ghrelin secretion
    Bajaj JS, Saeian K, Schubert CM, Franco R, Franco J, Heuman DM. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Jul;34(1):103-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04681.x.

  59. Hepatic encephalopathy therapy: An overview
    Riggio O, Ridola L, Pasquale C. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Apr 6;1(2):54-63.

  60. To pee or not to pee: ammonia hypothesis of hepatic encephalopathy revisited
    Mpabanzi L, Olde Damink SW, van de Poll MC, Soeters PB, Jalan R, Dejong CH. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Jun;23(6):449-54.

  61. Minimal hepatic encephalopathy does not impair health-related quality of life in patients with cirrhosis: a prospective study
    Wunsch E, Szymanik B, Post M, Marlicz W, Myd?owska M, Milkiewicz P. Liver Int. 2011 Aug;31(7):980-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02465.x. Epub 2011 Feb 10.

  62. Absence of neuropsychological impairment in hyperammonaemia in healthy young adults; possible synergism in development of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) symptoms?
    Wilkinson DJ, Smeeton NJ, Castle PC, Watt PW. Metab Brain Dis. 2011 Jul 20. [Epub ahead of print]

  63. Relationship between clock and star drawing and the degree of hepatic encephalopathy
    Edwin N, Peter JV, John G, Eapen CE, Graham PL. Postgrad Med J. 2011 Jun 21. [Epub ahead of print]

  64. Critical flicker frequency and continuous reaction times for the diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy. A comparative study of 154 patients with liver disease
    Lauridsen MM, Jepsen P, Vilstrup H. Metab Brain Dis. 2011 Jun;26(2):135-9. Epub 2011 Apr 12.

  65. Rifaximin treatment for reduction of risk of overt hepatic encephalopathy recurrence
    Flamm SL. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2011 May;4(3):199-206.

  66. Branched-chain amino acids increase arterial ammonia in spite of enhanced intrinsic muscle ammonia metabolism in patients with cirrhosis and healthy subjects
    Dam G, Keiding S, Munk OL, Ott P, Buhl M, Vilstrup H, Bak LK, Waagepetersen HS, Schousboe A, Moller N, Sørensen M. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Jun 2. [Epub ahead of print]

  67. Relationship between clock and star drawing and the degree of hepatic encephalopathy
    Edwin N, Peter JV, John G, Eapen CE, Graham PL. Postgrad Med J. 2011 Jun 21. [Epub ahead of print]

  68. Does interleukin-18 play a role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy?
    Onal IK, Akdogan M, Oztas E, Balci M, Kurt M, Kacar S, Kuran SO, Karabiber N, Sasmaz N. Hepatogastroenterology. 2011 Mar-Apr;58(106):497-502.

  69. Screening for minimal hepatic encephalopathy in asymptomatic drivers with liver cirrhosis
    Gad YZ, Zaher AA, Moussa NH, El-Desoky AE, Al-Adarosy HA. Arab J Gastroenterol. 2011 Jun;12(2):58-61. Epub 2011 Jun 12.

  70. Role of oxidative/nitrative stress in hepatic encephalopathy induced by thioacetamide
    Chi D, Rong L, Wang S, Wang X, Wang X, Ma L, Shao L.

  71. Multi-dimensional MR spectroscopy: towards a better understanding of hepatic encephalopathy
    Sarma MK, Huda A, Nagarajan R, Hinkin CH, Wilson N, Gupta RK, Frias-Martinez E, Sayre J, Guze B, Han SH, Thomas MA. Metab Brain Dis. 2011 Jun 23. [Epub ahead of print]

  72. Partial pressure of NH3 in cirrhotic patients with and without hepatic encephalopathy
    He Y, Li G, Song H, Luo T, Gao B, Xu J. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2011 Jun;20(2):169-74.

  73. Hepatic encephalopathy and post-transplant hyponatremia predict early calcineurin inhibitor-induced neurotoxicity after liver transplantation
    Balderramo D, Prieto J, Cárdenas A, Navasa M. Transpl Int. 2011 Jun 7. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2011.01280.x. [Epub ahead of print]

  74. A randomized controlled trial comparing lactulose, probiotics, and L-ornithine L-aspartate in treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy
    Mittal VV, Sharma BC, Sharma P, Sarin SK. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Jun 3. [Epub ahead of print]

  75. Disruption of sleep architecture in minimal hepatic encephalopathy and ghrelin secretion
    Bajaj JS, Saeian K, Schubert CM, Franco R, Franco J, Heuman DM. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Jul;34(1):103-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04681.x.

  76. EEG Patterns and Imaging Correlations in Encephalopathy: Encephalopathy Part II
    Kaplan PW, Rossetti AO. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2011 Jun;28(3):233-51.

  77. Increased risk of parkinsonism among patients with cirrhosis: a 7-year follow-up study
    Kang JH, Tsai MC, Lin CC, Lin HL, Lin HC. Liver Int. 2011 May;31(5):685-691. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2010.02432.x. Epub 2011 Jan 11.

  78. Regional variations in the concentrations of ketone bodies in cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy: a study in patients with TIPSS
    Dabos KJ, Houghton BJ, Pyleris E, Redhead DN, Hayes PC, Salder IH, Plevris JN. Liver Int. 2011 May;31(5):707-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02483.x. Epub 2011 Mar 6.

  79. Critical care of the end-stage liver disease patient awaiting liver transplantation
    Findlay JY, Fix OK, Paugam-Burtz C, Liu L, Sood P, Tomlanovich SJ, Emond J. Liver Transpl. 2011 May;17(5):496-510. doi: 10.1002/lt.22269.

  80. Mitochondrial dysfunction as a mediator of hippocampal apoptosis in a model of hepatic encephalopathy
    Bustamante J, Lores-Arnaiz S, Tallis S, Roselló DM, Lago N, Lemberg A, Boveris A, Perazzo JC. Mol Cell Biochem. 2011 Apr 20. [Epub ahead of print]

  81. Critical flicker frequency and continuous reaction times for the diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy. A comparative study of 154 patients with liver disease
    Lauridsen MM, Jepsen P, Vilstrup H. Metab Brain Dis. 2011 Apr 12. [Epub ahead of print]

  82. BRIDGING THERAPIES AND LIVER TRANSPLANTATION IN ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, 10 years of MARS experience from Finland
    Kantola T, Ilmakunnas M, Koivusalo AM, Isoniemi H. Scand J Surg. 2011;100(1):8-13.

  83. 3-Nitro-Tyrosine as a Peripheral Biomarker of Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis
    Montoliu C, Cauli O, Urios A, Elmlili N, Serra MA, Giner-Duran R, González-Lopez O, Del Olmo JA, Wassel A, Rodrigo JM, Felipo V. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Apr 12. [Epub ahead of print]

  84. Hepatic encephalopathy: A central neuroinflammatory disorder?
    Butterworth RF. Hepatology. 2011 Apr;53(4):1372-6. doi: 10.1002/hep.24228.

  85. Increased risk of parkinsonism among patients with cirrhosis: a 7-year follow-up study
    Kang JH, Tsai MC, Lin CC, Lin HL, Lin HC. Liver Int. 2011 May;31(5):685-691. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2010.02432.x. Epub 2011 Jan 11.

  86. Validation of the Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score (PHES) for Identifying Patients with Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy
    Duarte-Rojo A, Estradas J, Hernández-Ramos R, Ponce-de-León S, Córdoba J, Torre A. Dig Dis Sci. 2011 Apr 3. [Epub ahead of print]

  87. Regional variations in the concentrations of ketone bodies in cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy: a study in patients with TIPSS
    Dabos KJ, Houghton BJ, Pyleris E, Redhead DN, Hayes PC, Salder IH, Plevris JN. Liver Int. 2011 May;31(5):707-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02483.x. Epub 2011 Mar 6.

  88. Microglia activation in hepatic encephalopathy
    Zemtsova I, Görg B, Keitel V, Bidmon HJ, Schrör K, Häussinger D. Hepatology. 2011 Mar 30. doi: 10.1002/hep.24326. [Epub ahead of print]

  89. Complications and outcomes in chronic liver disease
    Rahimi RS, Rockey DC. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2011 Mar 30. [Epub ahead of print]

  90. Low-protein diets for hepatic encephalopathy debunked: let them eat steak
    Cabral CM, Burns DL. Nutr Clin Pract. 2011 Apr;26(2):155-9.

  91. Regional variations in the concentrations of ketone bodies in cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy: a study in patients with TIPSS
    Dabos KJ, Houghton BJ, Pyleris E, Redhead DN, Hayes PC, Salder IH, Plevris JN. Liver Int. 2011 May;31(5):707-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02483.x. Epub 2011 Mar 6.

  92. Microglia activation in hepatic encephalopathy
    Zemtsova I, Görg B, Keitel V, Bidmon HJ, Schrör K, Häussinger D. Hepatology. 2011 Mar 30. doi: 10.1002/hep.24326. [Epub ahead of print]

  93. Complications and outcomes in chronic liver disease
    Rahimi RS, Rockey DC. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2011 Mar 30. [Epub ahead of print]

  94. Increased risk of parkinsonism among patients with cirrhosis: a 7-year follow-up study
    Kang JH, Tsai MC, Lin CC, Lin HL, Lin HC. Liver Int. 2011 May;31(5):685-691. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2010.02432.x. Epub 2011 Jan 11.

  95. Validation of the Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score (PHES) for Identifying Patients with Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy
    Duarte-Rojo A, Estradas J, Hernández-Ramos R, Ponce-de-León S, Córdoba J, Torre A. Dig Dis Sci. 2011 Apr 3. [Epub ahead of print]

  96. Low-protein diets for hepatic encephalopathy debunked: let them eat steak
    Cabral CM, Burns DL. Nutr Clin Pract. 2011 Apr;26(2):155-9.

  97. Profile of hepatic encephalopathy in children with cirrhosis and response to lactulose
    Sharma P, Sharma BC. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2011 Mar-Apr;17(2):138-41.

  98. Diet and cognition in chronic liver disease
    Kachaamy T, Bajaj JS. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2011 Mar;27(2):174-9.

  99. Portosystemic hepatic encephalopathy model shows reversal learning impairment and dysfunction of neural activity in the prefrontal cortex and regions involved in motivated behavior
    Méndez M, Méndez-López M, López L, Aller MA, Arias J, Arias JL. J Clin Neurosci. 2011 Mar 1. [Epub ahead of print]

  100. Role of Helicobacter pylori infection in the pathogenesis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy and effect of its eradication
    Agrawal A, Gupta A, Chandra M, Koowar S. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2011 Mar 18. [Epub ahead of print]

  101. Proinflammatory cytokines are raised in extrahepatic portal venous obstruction with minimal hepatic encephalopathy
    Srivastava A, Yadav SK, Yachha SK, Thomas MA, Saraswat VA, Gupta RK. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Mar 1. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06706.x. [Epub ahead of print]

  102. Hepatic encephalopathy: An updated approach from pathogenesis to treatment
    Toris GT, Bikis CN, Tsourouflis GS, Theocharis SE. Med Sci Monit. 2011 Feb 1;17(2):RA53-63.

  103. Meta-analysis: the effects of gut flora modulation using prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics on minimal hepatic encephalopathy
    Shukla S, Shukla A, Mehboob S, Guha S. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Jan 20

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  175. Minimal hepatic encephalopathy is associated with motor vehicle crashes: the reality beyond the driving test
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  186. Considerations on the Impact of Hepatic Encephalopathy Treatments in the Pretransplant Setting
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  187. Pentoxifylline Does Not Decrease Short-Term Mortality But Does Reduce Complications in Patients With Advanced Cirrhosis
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  202. Inhibitory Control Test Is a Simple Method to Diagnose Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy and Predict Development of Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy
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