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Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)

  Additional content on this specific disease state can be found in the:     Click on another disease specific
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Liver News Library
 
 
 
 
   
 
Educational Objectives
After completing this activity, the participants should be better able to:
Discuss the importance of screening and surveillance of HCC and the importance of early disease diagnosis
Review the currently available treatment algorithms and the role of multiple disciplines in the management of HCC
Contrast and compare current treatment options for HCC based on individual patient characteristics and stage of disease
Interpret current advances in HCC clinical trial results and assess the efficacy of new agents and treatment regimens
 
Statement of Need/Program Overview
The goal of this program is to improve competency in understanding the long-term effects and related liver complications of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.
 
Target Audience
This activity has been designed to meet the educational needs of physicians, physician assistants and nurse practitioners involved in the care of patients with chronic liver disease and HCC.
 

 CME Dinner Meeting Details
 
 
Jointly sponsored by Purdue University School of Pharmacy and the Chronic Liver Disease Foundation. This activity supported by: Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals and Onyx Pharmaceuticals.
 
  
         
  Diagnosis and Management of
Hepatocellular Carcinoma: 2009 Update
 
  Target Audience  
  This activity has been designed to meet the educational needs of hepatologists, gastroenterologists, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners involved in the management of chronic liver disease.  
  Goal Statement  
  To provide important clinical data on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)  
  Educational Objectives  
  Upon completion of this activity, participants should be better able to:  
  Credit Designation   • Review the epidemiology and etiology of HCC  
  1.0 AMA PRA
Category 1 Credit(s)
  • Describe the latest treatment advances  
    • Discuss the latest treatment algorithms for the
  management of HCC
 
 

 Download
Accreditation Statement  
  Please see page 1 of the monograph for full accreditation statement.  
Jointly sponsored by Purdue University School of Pharmacy and the Chronic Liver Disease Foundation.
This educational material was supported by grants from Bayer Healthcare LLC and Onyx Pharmaceuticals.
 
       

  

Hepatology 2009 Current Perspectives on Chronic Liver Disease   (Recorded East Coast Satellite Broadcast Webcast)
      No CME credit available

  

Current Perspectives on Hepatocellular Carcinoma   (Webcast)
  Presented by: Myron Tong, MD   No CME credit available
 
 
HCC 2009
New>  Hepatocellular Carcinoma  
 
 

HCC Slide Archive

 
 
HCC 2008
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
 
  1. The 2008 Okuda lecture: Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: from surveillance to molecular targeted therapy
    Kudo M. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010 Mar;25(3):439-52.

  2. Antibiotic prophylaxis in transcatheter treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: an open randomized prospective study of oral versus intravenous administration
    Ebisutani C, Sato S, Nishi K, Inoue H, Yoshie T, Kinoshita Y. Intern Med. 2010;49(12):1059-65. Epub 2010 Jun 15.

  3. Prognosis evaluation in alpha-fetoprotein negative hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy: Comparison of five staging systems
    Zhang XF, Qi X, Meng B, Liu C, Yu L, Wang B, Lv Y. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2010 Jun 8. [Epub ahead of print]

  4. Beyond sorafenib: novel targeted therapies for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
    Zhu AX. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2010 May;19(5):663-72.

  5. Chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: comprehensive imaging and survival analysis in a 172-patient cohort
    Lewandowski RJ, Mulcahy MF, Kulik LM, Riaz A, Ryu RK, Baker TB, Ibrahim SM, Abecassis MI, Miller FH, Sato KT, Senthilnathan S, Resnick SA, Wang E, Gupta R, Chen R, Newman SB, Chrisman HB, Nemcek AA Jr, Vogelzang RL, Omary RA, Benson AB 3rd, Salem R. Radiology. 2010 Jun;255(3):955-65.

  6. Cytomegalovirus infection after liver transplantation: prophylaxis and preemptive treatment--a single-center experience
    Perrella A, Esposito C, Ioia G, Campanella L, Taglialatela D, Cuomo O. Transplant Proc. 2010 May;42(4):1226-8.

  7. High Expression of Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor in Peritumoral Liver Tissue Is Associated with Poor Outcome in Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Curative Resection
    Jia JB, Wang WQ, Sun HC, Zhu XD, Liu L, Zhuang PY, Zhang JB, Zhang W, Xu HX, Kong LQ, Lu L, Wu WZ, Wang L, Tang ZY. Oncologist. 2010 Jun 15. [Epub ahead of print]

  8. Epidemiology, risk factors and surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma
    Cabibbo G, Craxì A. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2010 Apr;14(4):352-5.

  9. Genomic and immunophenotypical differences between hepatocellular carcinoma with and without cirrhosis
    Tretiakova MS, Shabani-Rad MT, Guggisberg K, Hart J, Anders RA, Gao ZH. Histopathology. 2010 May;56(6):683-93.

  10. Integrative and comparative genomics analysis of early hepatocellular carcinoma differentiated from liver regeneration in young and old
    Colak D, Chishti MA, Al-Bakheet AB, Al-Qahtani A, Shoukri MM, Goyns MH, Ozand PT, Quackenbush J, Park BH, Kaya N. Mol Cancer. 2010 Jun 12;9(1):146. [Epub ahead of print]

  11. Diagnostic utility of glypican-3 for hepatocellular carcinoma on liver needle biopsy
    Wang FH, Yip YC, Zhang M, Vong HT, Chan KI, Wai KC, Wen JM. J Clin Pathol. 2010 May 24. [Epub ahead of print]

  12. Hepatocellular carcinoma in unrelated viral cirrhosis: long-term results after liver transplantation
    Lauterio A, Di Sandro S, Slim A, Giacomoni A, Mangoni I, Mihaylov P, Pirotta V, Aseni P, De Carlis L. Transplant Proc. 2010 May;42(4):1212-5.

  13. Expression profile reveals novel prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Sun M, Wu G, Li Y, Fu X, Huang Y, Tang R, Guo Y, Qiu M, Mao Y, Zhao F, Li L, Huang S, Zhao X, Xie Y. Front Biosci (Elite Ed). 2010 Jun 1;2:829-40.

  14. Metabolic risk factors are a major comorbidity in patients with cirrhosis independent of the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma
    Hessheimer AJ, Forner A, Varela M, Bruix J. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010 May 25. [Epub ahead of print]

  15. Molecularly targeted therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Huynh H. Biochem Pharmacol. 2010 Apr 4. [Epub ahead of print]

  16. Current status of molecularly targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: basic science. Int J Clin Oncol. 2010 Jun;15(3):235-41
    Tanaka S, Arii S. Epub 2010 May 27

  17. Novel inhibitors in development for hepatocellular carcinoma
    Wörns MA, Galle PR. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2010 May;19(5):615-29.

  18. Postoperative adjuvant antiviral therapy for hepatitis B/C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis
    Miao RY, Zhao HT, Yang HY, Mao YL, Lu X, Zhao Y, Liu CN, Zhong SX, Sang XT, Huang JF. World J Gastroenterol. 2010 Jun 21;16(23):2931-42.

  19. Prognostic Impact of Underlying Liver Fibrosis and Cirrhosis After Curative Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Gassmann P, Spieker T, Haier J, Schmidt F, Mardin WA, Senninger N. World J Surg. 2010 Jun 11. [Epub ahead of print]

  20. Preoperative serum retinol-binding protein 4 is associated with the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection
    Wang DD, Zhao YM, Wang L, Ren G, Wang F, Xia ZG, Wang XL, Zhang T, Pan Q, Dai Z, Chen JP, Dai HY, Zhang W, He HW, Zhou JM, Tang GY, Zhou J, Fan J, Tang ZY. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2010 Jun 15. [Epub ahead of print]

  21. Laparoscopic findings of reddish markings predict hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis B virus-related liver disease
    Shoji B, Ikeda F, Fujioka SI, Kobashi H, Yasunaka T, Miyake Y, Shiraha H, Takaki A, Nouso K, Iwasaki Y, Yamamoto K. J Gastroenterol. 2010 Jun 12. [Epub ahead of print]

  22. Changes in liver function parameters after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
    Kuroda H, Kasai K, Kakisaka K, Yasumi Y, Kataoka K, Ushio A, Miyamoto Y, Sawara K, Oikawa K, Kondo K, Miura Y, Endo R, Takikawa Y, Suzuki K. Hepatol Res. 2010 May;40(5):550-4.

  23. Laparoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation as a bridge to liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: preliminary results
    Panaro F, Piardi T, Audet M, Gheza F, Woehl-Jaegle ML, Portolani N, Cinqualbre J, Wolf P. Transplant Proc. 2010 May;42(4):1179-81.

  24. Efficacy and cost of a hepatocellular carcinoma screening program at an Australian teaching hospital
    Qian MY, Yuwei J R, Angus P, Schelleman T, Johnson L, Gow P. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010 May;25(5):951-6.

  25. Sequential therapy of transarterial chemoembolisation and sorafenib in intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma
    Welker MW, Zangos S, Kriener S, Mönch C, Zeuzem S, Trojan J. J Gastrointest Cancer. 2010 Jun;41(2):149-52.

  26. Outcomes of follow-up CT for small (5-10-mm) arterially enhancing nodules in the liver and risk factors for developing hepatocellular carcinoma in a surveillance population
    Park MJ, Kim YS, Lee WJ, Lim HK, Rhim H, Lee J. Eur Radiol. 2010 Jun 19. [Epub ahead of print]

  27. Sorafenib for Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Liver Transplantation
    Yoon DH, Ryoo BY, Ryu MH, Lee SG, Hwang S, Suh DJ, Lee HC, Kim TW, Ahn CS, Kim KH, Moon DB, Kang YK. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2010 May 21. [Epub ahead of print]

  28. A Single-Institute Experience with Sorafenib in Untreated and Previously Treated Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Balsom SM, Li X, Trolli E, Rose J, Bloomston M, Patel T, Bekaii-Saab TS. Oncology. 2010 Apr 26;78(3-4):210-212. [Epub ahead of print]

  29. Sorafenib for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
    Connock M, Round J, Bayliss S, Tubeuf S, Greenheld W, Moore D. Health Technol Assess. 2010 May;14 Suppl 1:17-21.

  30. Hepatocellular carcinoma: occurrence, risk factors, biomarkers
    Fehér J, Lengyel G. Orv Hetil. 2010 Jun 6;151(23):933-40

  31. Downstaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prior to Liver Transplant: Is There a Role for Adjuvant Sorafenib in Locoregional Therapy?
    Vagefi PA, Hirose R. J Gastrointest Cancer. 2010 May 5. [Epub ahead of print]

  32. Systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: past, present, and future
    Giglia JL, Antonia SJ, Berk LB, Bruno S, Dessureault S, Finkelstein SE. Cancer Control. 2010 Apr;17(1):120-9.

  33. Systemic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: dawn of a new era?
    Zhu AX. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010 May;17(5):1247-56. Epub 2010 Apr 20.

  34. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for unresectable HCC: a new life begins?
    Biolato M, Marrone G, Racco S, Di Stasi C, Miele L, Gasbarrini G, Landolfi R, Grieco A. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2010 Apr;14(4):356-62.

  35. Current status of molecularly targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: clinical practice
    Kudo M. Int J Clin Oncol. 2010 Jun;15(3):242-55. Epub 2010 May 28.

  36. Targeted therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Bouattour M, Marijon H, Dreyer C, Faivre S, Raymond E. Presse Med. 2010 Apr 6. [Epub ahead of print]

  37. Hepatic resection for large hepatocellular carcinoma in the era of UCSF criteria
    Delis SG, Bakoyiannis A, Tassopoulos N, Athanassiou K, Kechagias A, Kelekis D, Madariaga J, Dervenis C. HPB (Oxford). 2009 Nov;11(7):551-8.

  38. Estimation of the harm to the waiting list as a crucial factor in the selection of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma for liver transplantation
    Vitale A, Volk ML, Gambato M, Zanus G, D'Amico F, Carraro A, Pauletto A, Bonsignore P, Scopelliti M, Polacco M, Russo F, Senzolo M, Burra P, Romano A, Angeli P, Cillo U. Transplant Proc. 2010 May;42(4):1194-6

  39. Subtype classification of hepatocellular adenoma
    Bioulac-Sage P, Balabaud C, Zucman-Rossi J. Dig Surg. 2010;27(1):39-45.
    Epub 2010 Apr 1.

  40. Impact of peginterferon and ribavirin therapy on hepatocellular carcinoma: Incidence and survival in hepatitis C patients with advanced fibrosis
    Cardoso A, Moucan R, Figueiredo-Mendes et al.J Hep 2010 (Mar 3).

  41. Treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
    Forner A, Rodríguez De Lope C, Reig M, Bruix J. Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010 Mar 12. [Epub ahead of print]

  42. Tolerance and outcome of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib
    Ozenne V, Paradis V, Pernot S, Castelnau C, Vullierme MP, Bouattour M, Valla D, Farges O, Degos F. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010 Mar 17

  43. Consensus on the current use of sorafenib for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
    Peck-Radosavljevic M, Greten TF, Lammer, J, Rosmorduc O, Sangro,B, Santoro A, Bolondi L. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol April 2010;22:391-398.

  44. Survival in Asian Americans After Treatments for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Seven-year Experience at UCLA
    Tong M, Chavalitdhamrong D, Lu D, Raman S, Gomes A, Duffy J, Hong J, Busuttil R. J Clin Gastroenterol 2010;44(3):e63-e70.

  45. A meta-analysis of survival rates of untreated patients in randomized clinical trials of hepatocellular carcinoma
    Cabibbo G, Enea M, Attanasio M, Bruix J, Craxì A, Cammà C. Hepatology. 2009 Dec 4. [Epub ahead of print]

  46. Clinical outcomes of radiofrequency ablation, percutaneous alcohol and acetic acid injection for hepatocelullar carcinoma: A meta-analysis
    Germani G, Pleguezuelo M, Gurusamy K, Meyer T, Isgrò G, Burroughs AK. J Hepatol. 2010 Jan 17. [Epub ahead of print]

  47. Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
    Llovet JM, Ricci S, Mazzaferro V, Hilgard P, Gane E, Blanc JF, de Oliveira AC, Santoro A, Raoul JL, Forner A, Schwartz M, Porta C, Zeuzem S, Bolondi L, Greten TF, Galle PR, Seitz JF, Borbath I, Häussinger D, Giannaris T, Shan M, Moscovici M, Voliotis D, Bruix J; SHARP Investigators Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2008 Jul 24;359(4):378-90

  48. Design and endpoints of clinical tria ls in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Llovet JM, Di Bisceglie AM, Bruix J, Kramer BS, Lencioni R, Zhu AX, Sherman M, Schwartz M, Lotze M, Talwalkar J, Gores GJ; Panel of Experts in HCC-Design Clinical Trials. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008 May 21;100(10):698-711. Epub 2008 May 13

  49. Molecular targeted therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Llovet JM, Bruix J. Hepatology. 2008 Oct;48(4):1312-27

  50. Local Ablative Therapies in HCC: Percutaneous Ethanol Injection and Radiofrequency Ablation
    Mahnken A, Bruners P, Gunther R. Dig Dis 2009;27:148-156

  51. Early Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy for Patients With Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Incomplete Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization: A Prospective Evaluation of Efficacy and Toxicity
    Oh D, Lim DH, Park HC, Paik SC, Koh KC, Lee JH, Choi MS, Yoo BC, Lim HK, Lee WJ, Rhim H, Shin SW, Park KB. Am J Clin Oncol. 2010 Feb 5. [Epub ahead of print]

  52. Review: Hepatocellular carcinoma: review of current treatment with a focus on targeted molecular therapie
    Olsen, S., Brown R, Siegel A. Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, Vol. 3, No. 1, 55-66

  53. In-hospital mortality from liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: a simple risk score
    Simons JP, Ng SC, Hill JS, Shah SA, Zhou Z, Tseng JF. Cancer. 2010 Feb 8. [Epub ahead of print]

  54. A Sustained Viral Response Is Associated With Reduced Liver-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Patients With Hepatitis C Virus
    Singal AG, Volk ML, Jensen D, Di Bisceglie AM, Schoenfeld PS. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Nov 27. [Epub ahead of print]

  55. What are the implications of the spontaneous spleno-renal shunts in liver cirrhosis?
    Tarantino G, Citro V, Conca P, Riccio A, Tarantino M, Capone D, Cirillo M, Lobello R, Iaccarino V. BMC Gastroenterol. 2009 Nov 24;9:89

  56. Hepatocellular carcinoma: novel molecular approaches for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy
    Villanueva A, Minguez B, Forner A, Reig M, Llovet JM. Annu Rev Med. 2010;61:317-28

  57. Early skin toxicity as a predictive factor for tumor control in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with sorafenib
    Vincenzi B, Santini D, Russo A, Addeo R, Giuliani F, Montella L, Rizzo S, Venditti O, Frezza AM, Caraglia M, Colucci G, Del Prete S, Tonini G. Oncologist. 2010;15(1):85-92. Epub 2010 Jan 5

  58. Use of sorafenib in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before liver transplantation: A cost-benefit analysis while awaiting data on sorafenib safety
    Vitale A, Volk M, Pastorelli D et al. AASLD 2009

  59. Racial and insurance disparities in the receipt of transplant among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
    Yu JC, Neugut AI, Wang S, Jacobson JS, Ferrante L, Khungar V, Lim E, Hershman DL, Brown RS Jr, Siegel AB. Cancer. 2010 Feb 8. [Epub ahead of print]

  60. Clinical management of hepatitis B virus infection correlated with liver transplantation
    Zhang J, Zhou L, Zheng SS. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 2010 Feb;9(1):15-21.

  61. Maintenance of Sorafenib following combined therapy of three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy/intensity-modulated radiation therapy and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in patients with locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase I/II study
    Zhao JD, Liu J, Ren ZG, Gu K, Zhou ZH, Li WT, Chen Z, Xu ZY, Liu LM, Jiang GL. Radiat Oncol. 2010 Feb 12;5(1):12. [Epub ahead of print]

  62. Both the 5th and 6th editions of TNM staging system fail to independently predict long-term prognosis after radical hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma sized > or = 5 cm
    Zhou L, Rui JA, Ye DX, Wang SB, Chen SG, Qu Q. Chin Med Sci J. 2009 Dec;24(4):220-6.

  63. Preoperative prediction of poorly differentiated components in small-sized hepatocellular carcinoma for safe local ablation therapy
    Imai K, Beppu T, Nakayama Y, Ishiko T, Horino K, Komori H, Masuda T, Hayashi H, Okabe H, Baba Y, Watanabe M, Takamori H, Awai K, Yamashita Y, Baba H. J Surg Oncol 2009 Apr 28 (Epub ahead of print)

  64. Association between hypothyroidism and hepatocellular carcinoma: A case-control study in the United States
    Hassan MM, Kaseb A, Li D, Patt YZ, Vauthey JN, Thomas MB, Curley SA, Spitz MR, Sherman SI, Abdalla EK, Davila M, Lozano RD, Hassan DM, Chan W, Brown TD, Abbruzzese JL. Hepatology 2008;49:1563-1570.

  65. Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis
    Giannini EG, Marabotto E, Savarino V, Trevisani F, di Nolfo MA, Del Poggio P, Benvegnù L, Farinati F, Zoli M, Borzio F, Caturelli E, Chiaramonte M; Italian Liver Cancer (ITALICA) Group. Clinical Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;7:580-5.

  66. Surgery of hepatocellular carcinoma complicated with cancer thrombi in bile duct: efficacy for criteria for different therapy modalities
    Xiangji L, Weifeng T, Bin Y, Chen L, Xiaoqing J, Baihe Z, Feng S, Mengchao W. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2009 may 7. (Epub ahead of print)

  67. Hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States: influence of ethnic status
    Di Bisceglie AM, Lyra AC, Schwartz M, Reddy RK, Martin P, Gores G, Lok AS, Hussain KB, Gish R, Van Thiel DH, Younossi Z, Tong M, Hassanein T, Balart L, Fleckenstein J, Flamm S, Blei A, Befeler AS; Liver Cancer Network. Am J Gastroenterol 2003;9:2060-3.

  68. Sorafenib in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma from mild to advanced stage liver cirrhosis
    Pinter M, Sieghart W, Graziadei I, Vogel W, Maieron A, Konigsberg R, Weissmann A, Kornek G,Plank C, Peck Radosavljevic M. Oncologist 2009;14(1):70-6.

  69. Phase II Trial of the Combination of Bevacizumab and Erlotinib in Patients Who Have Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Thomas M, Morris J, Chadha R, Iwasaki M, Kaur H, Lin E, Kaseb A, Glover K, Davila M, and Abbruzzese J. J Clin Oncol 2009;27(6):843-850.

  70. The burden of illness associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States
    Lang K, Danchenko N, Gondek K, et al. J Hepatol 2009;50:89-99.

  71. Independent risk factors and predictive score for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B
    Yuen M, Tanaka Y, Fong D, et al. J Hepatol 2009;50:80-88.

  72. Novel Advancements in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma in 2008
    LLovet J, Bruix J. J Hepatol 2008;48:S20-S37.

  73. Increased Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among Patients with Hepatitis C Cirrhosis and Diabetes Mellitus
    Veldt B, Chen W, Heathcote J, Wedemeyer H, Reichen J, Hoffmann W, de Knegt R, Zeuzem S, Manns M, Hansen B, Schalm S, and Janssen H. HEPATOLOGY 2008;47:1856-1862.

  74. Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    El-Serag H, Marrero J, Rudolph L, and Reddy K. Gastroenterology 2008;134:1752-1763.

  75. Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Llovet J, Ricci S, Mazzaferro V, Hilgard P, Gane E, Blanc J, de Oliveira A, Santoro A, Raoul J, Former A, Schwartz M, Porta C, Zeuzem, Bolondi L, Greten T, Galle P, Seitz J, Borbath I, Häussinger D, Giannaris T, Shan M, Moscovici M, Voliotis D, and Bruix J for the SHARP Investigators Study Group. N Engl J Med 2008;359:378-90.

  76. Sorafenib in Liver Cancer-Just the Beginning
    Roberts LR. N Engl J Med 2008;359:420-422.

   

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